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Explainers How today’s stock markets work
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Explainers A guide to how the European Union makes financial laws
It can take years for proposed rules to become law in the European Union. Here’s our step-by-step guide to how it happens.
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Explainers 5 things you should know about: market-wide circuit breakers
Market-wide circuit breakers are triggered by rapid and extreme price declines in the S&P 500 Index, a widely-followed benchmark for US equities.
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Explainers An illustrated guide to price controls on US exchanges
Well-designed price controls are key in our view to preserving orderly and efficient markets. Given their complexity, we present this overview of the various mechanisms in place across U.S. exchanges.
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Explainers Call options
What do long/short positions in call options mean? An investor that buys call options benefits when the price of the underlying asset is higher than the strike price of the option at expiry. The writer of the call option has the opposite pay-off potential and receives a fixed option premium when they sell the contract.
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Explainers Put options
An investor that buys put options benefits from this position when the price of the underlying asset is lower than the strike price of the option at expiry. Conversely, if at expiry the price of the underlying asset is higher than the strike price, the option expires with no intrinsic value and the investor’s loss is equal to the option premium paid.
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